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Presentation of a Parenting Model Based on Spiritual Education with an Emphasis on the Existential Dimensions of Human Being
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Fahimeh Ghahvehchi-Hosseini   , Khodabkhsh Ahmady * , Massod Azarbayejani |
| Behavioral Secinces Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran , kh_ahmady@bmsu.ac.ir |
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Abstract: (148 Views) |
Background and Aim: Spiritual education, as one of the fundamental dimensions of education, plays an essential role in the flourishing of human divine nature and the attainment of a pure life (Hayat Tayyebah). Despite the emphasis of various theories on the importance of parenting, many of these perspectives have neglected the deep existential dimensions of human beings. The present study aimed to design a parenting model based on spiritual education with an emphasis on the three existential dimensions of sense, imagination, and intellect.
Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using qualitative content analysis and the Delphi technique. The study population included written sources, including books and scientific articles, in five specialized fields: psychology, sociology, philosophy, mystical literature, and Islamic texts. Purposive sampling was performed using sequential theoretical sampling. The data collection and analysis process was carried out in three steps: systematic literature review and extraction of components, validation by 10 experts using the Delphi method, and development of the final model. Content validity was determined using the Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Content Validity Index (CVI).
Results: From a total of 87 reviewed sources, components related to spiritual education were extracted in two domains of educational goals and outcomes and classified into the three existential dimensions of sense, imagination, and intellect. In the sense dimension, goals such as emotional maturity, social skills, and environmental mastery were identified with outcomes including physical and emotional growth, practical responsibility, and social identity. In the imagination dimension, goals such as self-actualization, closeness to God, and intuitive knowledge were obtained with outcomes of piety, creativity, and spiritual happiness. In the intellect dimension, goals of cultivating reasoning, understanding the order of the world, and discerning good from evil were associated with outcomes of intellectual flourishing, justice-orientation, and societal evolution. Validation results showed that 47 out of 48 components (97.9%) had a CVR higher than 0.62 and a CVI higher than 0.79, indicating desirable content validity of the model. The highest values were related to the components of "becoming godlike and closeness to God" (CVI = 0.95) and "cultivating mind, thought, and reasoning" (CVR = 0.90).
Conclusion: The designed model demonstrates that spiritual education is fully achieved when balanced and harmonious development of all three dimensions of sense, imagination, and intellect is considered. This model can serve as a theoretical and practical framework for parents, counselors, and the educational system in nurturing a transcendent generation with spiritual health. |
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| Keywords: Spiritual Education, Parenting, Existential Dimensions, Sense, Imagination, Intellect, Spiritual Health |
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Full-Text [PDF 596 kb]
(13 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Review |
Subject:
Spiritual Health
Received: 2026/02/24 | Accepted: 2026/03/16 | Published: 2026/03/20
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